- E whakanuia ana te rīpene takai matao tōtika mō tōna ātete ki te matotoru, te papatahi, me te whānui o te kohao ka taea te whakahoki, ehara i te mea mō tōna koranu turanga anake.
- Me whiriwhiri ngātahi e ngā kaihoko hikohiko te māka, te pakeke, me te āhua o te mata, nā te mea ka pāngia te tā, te āheinga whakarewa, te waku, me te mahi waikura e ia mea.
- Mō ngā taiao hikohiko e pāngia ana e te hauhāora, e te haumākū rānei, he haumaru ake te 316 i te 304, ko te 430 ia ka taea te mahi i roto i ngā tono utu iti, he iti ake te waikura.
- Ko te whakarite ōrite o te koiri, te kounga o te taha, me te whai i ngā āhuatanga he mea nui tonu pērā i te matū noa.
He pai te whakamahi i te rīpene maitai kore waikura matao tika mō ngā hikohiko nā te mea i ahu mai tōna uara i te āhuahanga ka taea te whakahaere me te tukatuka ka taea te tukurua, ehara i te mea nā te matū o te kowiri tira anake. Mā te papatahi, te ōritetanga matotoru, me te kounga o te mata ka whakaiti i te para i roto i te tānga tika, ā, ka whakapai ake i te hua o raro i ngā wāhanga hononga, ngā poro pākahiko, ngā taupoki ārai, me ngā whare pūoko. He mea nui anō hoki te horopaki paerewa whānui: Ka whakaratohia e te ASTM E29 ngā ture mō ngā mati nui i roto i te pūrongo raraunga whakamātautau, i te mea ko ngā whakatakotoranga pepa me te rīpene kowiri tira pērā iASTM E30me ngā paerewa rauemi e pā ana ka āwhina i te tautuhi i ngā mahi whakaae ōrite. Mō te manatoko i ngā āhuatanga, he maha ngā wā ka mahi ngā kaihanga ki ngā tikanga ine taumata-micrometer, ā, ko te hurihuri makariri te tukanga e whai hua ai taua taumata whakahaere i roto i te whakaputa rōrahi. Mena kei te whakataurite koe i ngā whārangi hua, tīmata kirīpene maitai kore waikura tino tika, kātahi ka whakawhāitihia mā te momo me te whakamahinga whakamutunga, pērā iRīpene maitai kore waikura 304, Ripanga kowiri tira 316, rāneiRīpene maitai kore waikura 430.
He aha i uru ai te rīpene maitai kore waikura matao tika ki te hanga hikohiko
Ka pai te rīpene maitai kore waikura matao kua hurihia kia tika mō ngā mahi hanga hikohiko nā te mea ka tere te pakaru o ngā wāhanga hikohiko ina he iti noa te heke o te matotoru, te papatahi, te kounga rānei o te taha.
I roto i te huihuinga nui-rahi, ka taea e te rīpene matotoru rawa te whakanui ake i te hanganga o te pūwero, engari ka taea e te rīpene ngohengohe rawa te ngaro o te kaha o te puna i muri i te hanganga. Ka whakatauhia e te hurihuri makariri tetahi wāhanga o taua raruraru mā te pēhi i te konganuku i te pāmahana rūma, e whakapai ake ana i te whakahaere matotoru me te whakapai ake i te mutunga o te mata ki te whakataurite ki te rauemi hurihuri wera. Koia te take e whakamahia whānuitia ai te rīpene tika mō ngā whāriki tā, ngā parepare EMI, ngā puna pito, ngā ripa pākahiko, ngā wāhanga encoder, ngā here iti, me ngā topenga tautoko.
He nui ake te utu mō te pūmautanga o te hikohiko i te kaha mata. Hei tauira, me piko tonu te puna rau hononga, me te kore e mau tonu te huinga. Me mau te kaha o te pākahiko i roto i ngā huringa maha. Me huihui ma te kore e rakuraku ngā wāhanga tata o te kēne whakamarumaru. He raruraru tukanga ēnā, ehara i te mea he raruraru rauemi anake. Mā te rīpene hurihuri matao tika ka āwhina i te whakatika i ēnei mā te hoatu ki ngā kaihanga he tīmatanga pumau ake.
Mai i te tirohanga pūtake, ko te painga nui ko te āheinga o te whiri tika ki te whakaiti i te tawhiti hoahoa. Mena he pumau te koiri e haere mai ana, ka taea e ngā kaihangarau te whakakīkī i ngā matapihi hanga, te whakaiti i te hoahoa nui rawa, me te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te whakaotinga tuarua. He mea nui rawa atu tēnei mō ngā taputapu kiato, ina taea e ia maikorone o te rerekētanga te pā ki te taunga, te pa hiko, te whanonga puna rānei.
Ngā āhuatanga matua o te rauemi e whai tikanga ana i roto i te rīpene maitai kore waikura 316 mō ngā hikohiko
Ko te rīpene kowiri tira 316 mō ngā hikohiko ka whiriwhiria i te wā he kaha ake te kaha o te taiao mahi i tērā o te ratonga o roto noa.
Ko te take he mea whakarewa: kei roto i te 316 te molybdenum, e whakapai ake ana i te ātete ki te waikura o te poka me te kapiti i roto i ngā taiao kei roto he chloride. Ko te matū koranu i roto i te ASTM A240/A240M e tohu ana i te 16.0-18.0% chromium, 10.0-14.0% nickel, me te 2.0-3.0% molybdenum mō ngā hanganga whānau 316, koinei tētahi take e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te haumākū, te tote, me ngā matū horoi. Mō ngā hikohiko e tata ana ki te hau takutai, ngā pūnaha pākahiko, ngā taputapu hauora, ngā rohe horoi kaha rānei, ka nui ake te hiranga o taua moni tāpiri i te rerekētanga utu iti.
Mō ngā tīma hoahoa, ehara te pātai nui i te mea he "pai ake" te 316 i te tirohanga whānui. Ko te pātai nui ko te mea he tika te utu nui ake o ngā rauemi me te rerekētanga o te whanonga hanga e te taiao. I roto i te maha o ngā hua hikohiko o roto, he rawaka te 304. I roto i tētahi whare haumākū, i tētahi pūoko o waho, i tētahi taputapu taumata moana, i tētahi huihuinga rānei e pāngia ana e ngā toenga hiko me te makuku, ka taea e te 316 te whakaiti i te mōrearea waikura mō te wā roa.
| Tau | Te āhua o te kaha/waikura noa | Te whakamahinga noa o ngā hikohiko | Tūnga utu |
|---|---|---|---|
| 304 | Te ātete taurite ki te hanganga me te ātete ki te waikura | Ngā pūmau, ngā taupoki, te parepare whānui | Waenga |
| 316 | Kua whakapaitia te ātete ki te konupora me te Mo | Ngā hikohiko o waho, ngā taiao haumākū, tote rānei | Teitei ake |
| 430 | Ferritic, aukume, aro-utu | Ngā whare kore-tino nui, ngā wāhanga tautoko | I raro |
Mena e hiahia ana koe ki tētahi tirohanga whānui mō ngā rauemi,304 koiri maitai kore waikuraHe whai hua te whārangi mō te whakatairite i te pūtake āhua-koiri i mua i te tukatuka tapahi ki te rīpene. Mō ngā whānau hua e aro nui ana ki te āhua me te ōritetanga o te taha, ko terīpene maitai kore waikura tino tikate whārangi te tohutoro e tika ana.
Rīpene maitai kore waikura kua hurihia matao, rīpene kua hurihia wera mō ngā wāhanga hiko
Ko te rīpene hurihuri matao te mea e pai ake ana mō ngā taputapu hiko nā te mea me pai ake te āhua o te mata me te kaha ake o te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga o ngā taputapu hiko i ngā hua hanganga.
Ko te maitai kore waikura wera he mea pai mō ngā wāhanga matotoru me ngā whakamahinga hanganga, ina whakaaetia te tauine, te āhua o te mata taratara, me ngā manawanui ngoikore. He rerekē, ka whakaitihia te rīpene hurihuri matao i muri i te hurihuri wera, ka whakapai ake i te whakaotinga me te āhei i ngā ine angiangi. He mea nui tēnei mō ngā tānga, ngā huihuinga whakakikoruatia, me ngā hononga tika ina āwhina te matotoru ōrite ki te ārai i te kakahu taputapu, ngā kohao, me te hē o te huihuinga.
| Huanga | Rīpene takai matao | Hua hurihuri wera | He aha te take e aro nui ai te hikohiko |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whakaotinga mata | He maeneene ake, he ma ake | He taratara ake, he tauine | He iti ake te mōrearea o te rakuraku me te poke |
| Whakahaere matotoru | Kia pūmau ake | Wetekina | He pumau ake te tāmi me te kaha o te puna |
| Te whakamahinga noa | Ngā wāhanga tino tika | Ngā wāhanga hanganga | Te taunga, te whakapā, me te āheinga ki te whakahoki anō |
Mā te rīpene hurihuri matao ka māmā ake te matapae i ngā mahi tuarua. Ka māmā ake te whakarite paerewa mā te tapahi laser, te tā, te piko, me te tango i ngā pakaru ina pumau te matotoru. Koia te take e tohu pinepine ai ngā kaihoko hiko i te tohu, tae atu ki te āhua, te mutunga o te mata, me te rerekētanga matotoru e whakaaetia ana.
I roto i te mahi, me whakauru te kōrero mō te pūtake rauemi mēnā ka tāia te rīpene, ka whakairohia, ka pikohia, ka takaihia, ka whakapirihia, ka tapahia rānei ki te laser. Tērā pea ka rahua te rauemi e pai ana te mahi mō te uhi whakapaipai i roto i te puna pito nā te mea he rerekē rawa ngā tono mō te taumahatanga hanga me te ngenge. Ka angitu te rīpene tika ina whiriwhiria mō te tukanga, kaua ko te tuhi anake.
Te ātete matotoru, te papatahi, me te ōritetanga whānui o te kohao i roto i te rīpene wāhanga hiko
Ko te ātete ki te matotoru, te papatahi, me te ōritetanga o te whānui o te kohao, koia ngā āhuatanga e toru e whakatau ana mēnā he pai te mahi a te rīpene wae hiko i roto i te hanga.
Ko te ātete matotoru te mea e whakahaere ana i te kaha pa, te whanonga puna, me te puranga i roto i ngā huihuinga. Ka pā te papatahi ki te pumau whāngai me te kaha hangarua i roto i ngā mate ahu whakamua. Ko te ōritetanga o te whānui o te kohao ka whakatau i te pono o te whāngai o ngā koiri ki roto i ngā raina aunoa me te noho tonu o te āhuahanga wāhanga whakamutunga i roto i ngā whakaritenga. Ka taea hoki e te rīpene he kounga taha iti te hanga i te kakahu taputapu, te paru matūriki rānei, e rua ngā mea e mamae ana i roto i te hanga hikohiko.
Ko te paearu mahi e rapuhia ana e te nuinga o ngā kaihoko ehara i te mea ko te "kikokore" me te "kaha" anake, engari ko te āhua o te mahi a te koiri mai i tētahi puranga ki tētahi. E ai ki ngā mātāpono kua whakauruhia ki roto i te mahi hurihuri me te tirotiro tika, ko te whāinga hanga he whakaiti i te rerekētanga i mua i te taenga atu o te koiri ki te raina pēhi. Koia te take he maha ngā wā ka uru atu ngā pūnaha kounga ki te tirotiro whānui 100%, ngā ine matotoru, me ngā tirotiro taha koiri.
Ngā paerewa pēnei iNgā rauemi ine roa o te NISTāwhina ki te whakatakoto i te huarahi e taea ai te whai me te whakahaere i ngā inenga ā-ahu, ko ngā pūnaha ine ISO ia e tautuhi ana i te huarahi e whakamāramahia ai aua inenga i roto i te hanga. I roto i te taiao whakaputa, ko taua whai te mea e ārai ana i te rīpene 0.20 mm noa iho kei neke haere ki roto i te raruraru tukanga 0.22 mm.
| Tūemi whakahaere | He aha te hiranga | Te rahunga noa mēnā kāore i te whakahaerehia |
|---|---|---|
| Matotoru | Te kaha o te puna me te taunga | He nui rawa ngā pūwero, he ngoikore rānei te pēhanga whakapā |
| Papatahi | Te pumau o te whāngai me te mate | Ngā pūmau, ngā kita, te āhua koretake o te hanga |
| Te ōritetanga o te whānui | Te pono o te aunoatanga | Whāngai hē, pakaru taha, para |
| Āhua o te taha | Te roa o te ora o te taputapu me te poke | Te kakahu, ngā matūriki, te mahi anō |
Mō ngā tono whānui-whaiti, he mea nui ake te kounga o te kohao i te kōwhiringa koranu noa. Koia te take he maha ngā kaihoko e rapu ana i tētahi kaiwhakarato ka taea te whakahaere i te kohao, te whakatikatika taha, me te tirotiro taumata-koiri i raro i te pūnaha kounga kotahi. Mena he tino kaha te whakahaere i te tono, me hiahia pea te kaihoko ki ngā tiwhikete rauemi, ngā tau wera, me ngā tuhinga puranga ka taea te whai.
Te mutunga o te mata, te pakeke, me te āheinga ki te hanga mō te tānga tika
Ka pā tika te āhua o te mata me te pakeke ki te pai o te tā, te piko, me te pa atu ki ngā rīpene maitai kore waikura kua hurihia mataotia.
Ka rerekē te waku, te whakaata, me te tūponotanga o ngā hapa āhua i ngā whakaotinga noa pēnei i te 2B, BA, matte, ngā kakano ritenga rānei. Ka āwhina te whakaotinga maeneene ki te whāngai waku iti, engari ka huna pea e te whakaotinga matte whakahaeretia ngā tohu whakahaere, te whakaiti rānei i te kanapa o ngā wāhanga e kitea ana. I roto i ngā wāhanga hiko, ko te kōwhiringa whakaotinga he mea nui ki te whanonga huihuinga me te āhua.
He mea nui te pakeketanga nā te mea ka whakahaere i te taurite i waenga i te pupuri āhua me te āheinga hanga. Ka pai ake te piko me te kukume hōhonu mā te ngāwaritanga ngawaritanga. Ka pai ake te hokinga mai o te puna me te kaha mahi mā te ngāwaritanga pakeketanga. Kei waenganui i ēnei pito e rua ngā āhuatanga āhua-pakaritanga. Ka taea e te pakeketanga hē te pakaru, te hokinga mai o te puna, te pēhanga pā kino rānei. I roto i te maha o ngā raina tā tika, ka whiriwhiria te rauemi kia rite ki te āta mō te ngāwaritanga me te āhua matū.
Koia te take me whakauru te tukanga whakamutunga ki roto i te kōrerorero a te kaiwhakarato. Ka tuhia hōhonu te wāhanga, ka tāia papaku, ka piko ki roto i te puna, ka tapahia ki te laser, ka whakairohia rānei? Mā te whakautu e whakatau mēnā he pai ake te rīpene ngohengohe, he rīpene mārō, he rīpene mārō rānei. Mō ngā hikohiko, me tautuhi te mahi a te wāhanga i te āhua, kaua ko te taha kē.
- Ngāwari te āhua: he pai ake mō te hanga, te tuhi, me ngā piko uaua.
- Āhua mārō: he mea whai hua ina hiahiatia he mana whakahaere pakari.
- Āhua mārō: he pai mō ngā puna, ngā topenga, me ngā āhuatanga pupuri.
- Whakaotinga mata: tīpakohia i runga i te waku, te āhua, me te ngāwari ki te horoi.
He maha ngā wā ka whakaitihia e ngā kaihoko hiko te nui o te pānga o te āhua o te mata ki te hua o te heke. Ka taea e te mata taratara te whakanui ake i te waku i roto i ngā whāngai, engari he uaua ake te tirotiro kanohi mō ngā karawarawa o te mata whakaata-ataata. Nō reira, he whiringa whakaputa te whakaotinga tika, ehara i te mea whakapaipai noa iho.
Ina ko te 304, 316, 430, 201 rānei te rārangi wāhanga hiko tika
Ko te kōwhiringa koranu pai rawa atu mō te rīpene wāhanga hiko ko te mea e ōrite ana ki te taiao ratonga, te whāinga utu, me te mahi ā-pūkaha.
Ko te 304 te mea tino rongonui mō te whakamahi whānui, nā te mea he taurite te ātete ki te waikura, te āhua hanga, me te utu. He pai ake te 316 ina he āwangawanga mō te pānga ki te hauota, te haumākū, ngā matū horoi rānei. He mea ātaahua te 430 i roto i ngā hua utu-iti, ā, he aukume, ka whai hua, ka kore rānei e hiahiatia i runga i te hoahoa. Ka taea e te 201 te whakaiti i te utu o ngā rauemi, engari he iti ake te ātaahua ina he mea nui te tawhiti waikura.
Koia te take me karo ngā tīma hoko i te tono noa mō te "whiri kowiri tira". Ka whakarerekē te taiao hua i te whakautu. Tērā pea me rerekē ngā taumata o te taputapu kaihoko e whakamahia ana i roto i te whare, he whāriki tautoko whakarewa turanga, me te wāhanga e pā ana ki te pākahiko i roto i te whare haumākū. Mā te whakautu hē ka nui ake te mōrearea o te pūtāhui, engari mā te whakautu tika ka pai ake te pumau o te wā katoa me te kore e nui rawa ngā whakaritenga.
Mō te whai i ngā rauemi mata me te kimi rauemi, ka hiahia pea ngā kaihoko ki te arotake i ngā kōwhiringa koiri o runga ake nei pērā i316 koiri maitai kore waikura. Ka taea e tēnā te āwhina i te whakataurite i te matū i mua i te tapahi ki te rīpene whānui-whaiti. Me whakamana tonu te kōwhiringa whakamutunga ki te ara hanga tuturu me te taiao whakamahinga whakamutunga.
| Pātai | Ara whakautu pai rawa atu | Ngā hua noa mēnā kāore e arohia |
|---|---|---|
| I roto, i waho rānei? | Kōwhiria te ātete ki te waikura kia rite ki tēnā | Te waikura wawe, te utu nui rānei |
| He mea tā, he mea utaina puna rānei? | Kōwhiria te āhua o te āhua, te pupuri rānei | Te pakaru, te ngoikore rānei o te kaha |
| Aukume, kore-aukume rānei? | Tirohia te whānau koranu i mua i te whakaaetanga | Te pokanoa o te pūoko, te kore rānei e ōrite te hoahoa |
| He mata e kitea ana, he wāhanga huna rānei? | Whakatauritehia te whakaotinga ki te hiahia whakapaipai | Ngā karawarawa, te kanapa, te mahi anō |
Me pēhea te aromatawai i tētahi kaiwhakarato rīpene tika mō ngā kaupapa hikohiko
Me aromatawai te kaiwhakarato pai mō te rīpene maitai kore waikura matao tika i runga i ngā tuhinga, te kaha tukatuka, me te āheinga ki te tukurua.
Tīmata ki te kete tiwhikete. He maha ngā wā ka hiahia ngā kaihoko hiko ki ngā tiwhikete whakamātautau mira, ngā tau wera, me te whai i ngā rota kia taea ai te tautuhi wawe i ngā take kounga a meake nei. Kātahi ka arotakehia mēnā ka taea e te kaiwhakarato te whakarato i te tapahi, te whakatikatika taha, ngā kōwhiringa mata, me te takai kua whakaritea. Ko te rīpene e tae mai ana he ma, he tiakina, ā, kua rite mō te aunoatanga he maha ngā wā ka nui ake te penapena i te koiri iti ake te utu.
Kātahi ka pātai atu mō te matapihi tukanga tuturu. He aha te whānuitanga matotoru ka taea te whakahaere pono? He aha ngā ātete whānui-wāhanga e puritia ana i ia wā? He aha ngā āhua āhua mahana e wātea ana? Ko ēhea ngā whakaotinga paerewa, ko ēhea hoki he mea whakarite? He mea nui ēnei pātai nā te mea he pai pea tētahi kaiwhakarato mō ngā koiri whānui engari he ngoikore ki ngā ātete rīpene whaiti, kikī rānei.
Ka tono anō hoki ngā tīma hoko pono rawa atu mō ngā raraunga whakamātautau tauira. Mā te whakahaere i tētahi papa whakamātautau mā te tā, te takai, te huihuinga rānei ka kitea ngā raruraru kāore e whakaatuhia i roto i tētahi pepa raraunga. I roto i ngā mahi hiko, kāore e ranea te whai i tētahi tauira tauira ma. Me ora tonu te rauemi i te wā whakaputa katoa: te whāngai, te hanga, te hono, te tirotiro, me te tākai.
- Manatokohia te kounga, te āhua, te whakaotinga, me te whānui i mua i te pātai utu.
- Tirohia ngā tuhinga whaiwhai me ngā mahi tautuhi koiri.
- Tonoa he tauira whakamātautau mō tō mīhini me ngā taputapu.
- Whakaūtia te kounga o te taha me te tikanga takai hei tiaki i te kawe.
- Whakahāngaihia ngā paearu tirotiro ki te mahi o te wāhanga whakamutunga.
Mena he maha ngā kāwai hua kei roto i tō tauira hoko, ka taea hoki e te whānuitanga o te kohinga kowiri tira te āwhina. Hei tauira, ka whakataurite pea te kaihoko e hiahia ana ki te pepa, te koiri, me te rīpene i te raina rīpene kipepa kowiri tirame ngā whānau koiri hei whakaiti i te wā tohu mātauranga puta noa i ngā kaupapa e pā ana.
Ngā horopaki tono noa mō te rīpene wāhanga hiko
Ko te rīpene maitai kore waikura matao tika te mea e whakamahia ana i ngā wāhi e honoa ai te āhua iti, te kaha pumau, me te roa o te ora.
Ko ngā whakamahinga noa ko ngā puna hononga, ngā wāhanga tiaki EMI, ngā rawhi pākahiko, ngā rawhi pito, ngā whāriki pūoko, ngā pupuri ā-roto, me ngā tānga tika mō ngā taputapu kaihoko kiato. He rite tonu te wero o ēnei wāhanga: he iti, engari he utu nui te pakaru nā te mea me mahi anō te huihuinga katoa.
Hei tauira, i roto i ngā pūnaha pākahiko, ka pā te ōritetanga o te whakapā ki te ātete me te whakamahana. I roto i ngā hononga, ka pā te pū whakamuri me te kaha whakapā ki te pumau o te tohu me te pupuri ā-mīhini. I roto i ngā tono ārai, me piri te rīpene kia taea ai te tautoko i te whenua me te huihuinga me te kore e piko. Nō reira, ka pā te whiriwhiri rauemi ki te pono o te hiko me te ā-mīhini.
Ko tētahi atu āhuatanga whai hua ko ngā raina hanga aunoa, ina nui ake te hiranga o te auautanga i te kaha tuturu. Mā te rīpene e whāngai tonu ana ka pai ake te tere o te mahi, ka whakaiti hoki i te aukati taputapu. Koinei tētahi take e kitea ai te rīpene tika ehara i te mea hei whakauru rauemi anake, engari hei whakahohe tukanga.
Ina tautuhia e ngā tīma hikohiko ngā whakaritenga, me whakaahua e rātou te taiao mahi o te wāhanga, ngā huringa kawenga e tumanakohia ana, te pānga ki ngā kaihoroi, te aro o te aukume, me ngā tumanakohanga whakapaipai. Ko aua whakaurunga ka arahi i te nuinga o te wā ki tētahi whakatau rauemi pai ake i te tuhi noa "whakamahi i te kowiri tira" i runga i te tuhi.
He aratohu whiriwhiri whaihua mō te rīpene maitai kore waikura matao tika
Ko te tikanga whiriwhiri tika ko te tīmata mai i te kōtaha mōrearea o te wāhanga ka mahi whakamuri ki te rauemi.
Mena he iti te mōrearea o te waikura, ā, he nui te pēhanga utu, he nui pea te 430, te 304 rānei. Mena ka pāngia te wāhanga e te makuku, te toenga hauota, te mahi rānei i waho, ka nui ake te ātaahua o te 316. Mena me piko pūmau te wāhanga, me pupuri rānei te kaha o te puna, ka rite te hiranga o te āhua me te pakeke ki te kounga. Mena ka kitea te wāhanga, ka uru te kounga o te whakaotinga ki roto i ngā whakaritenga mahi.
Mā tēnei huarahi whiriwhiri ka whakaitihia te nui rawa o ngā whakaritenga. Ka karohia hoki te hapa noa o te whiriwhiri i tētahi koranu kounga teitei mō tētahi raruraru i puta mai i te papatahi kore, te whānui kore, te āhua kore rānei e tika. Arā, whakaotihia te raruraru tuturu, kaua te mea e kitea nuitia ana.
- Tautuhia te taiao: roto, haumākū, takutai moana, matū, pāmahana tiketike rānei.
- Tautuhia te mahi: puna, tauera, whakangungu rakau, pā, uhi whakapaipai rānei.
- Tautuhia te tukanga: te tā, te piko, te takai, te tapahi laser, te huihuinga rānei.
- Tautuhia te tikanga tirotiro: te taha ā-ahu, te taha ā-tirohanga, te taha mahi, ngā taha katoa rānei e toru.
Mō ngā kaihoko e hiahia ana ki tētahi tīmatanga, he urunga whai hua te whārangi kāwai rīpene ki te whānau hua:rīpene kowiri tiraMai i reira, ka āwhina ngā whārangi motuhake ki te whakawhāiti i te whakatau ki te taiao ratonga e hiahiatia ana me te whakaritenga whakapūmau.
Ngā Pātai Auau
1. He aha te pai ake o te rīpene maitai kore waikura matao tika i te koiri kowiri tira noa mō ngā hikohiko?
He pai ake te rīpene takai matao tika nā te mea me āta whakahaere te matotoru, te papatahi, me te whānui o te kohao o ngā wāhanga hiko, engari he whānui rawa te koiri whānui mō ngā wāhanga piripono.
2. He pai ake te 316 i te 304 mō ngā wāhanga hiko?
He pai ake te Nama 316 i roto i te hauota, te haumākū, te pānga matū rānei, engari he nui te 304 mō ngā wāhanga o roto, he iti te utu, engari he iti te mōrearea o te waikura.
3. He aha te āhua o te mata e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō ngā rīpene hiko?
He tīmatanga noa te 2B me te BA, engari ko te whakaotinga pai rawa atu e whakawhirinaki ana ki te waku, te āhua, me te tukanga huihuinga.
4. Ka pāngia te kounga o te tā e te pakeketanga?
Āe. Ka pai ake te āhua o te puna i te ngawari o te āhua, engari ka pai ake te āhua o te puna me te pupuri i te āhua i te pāmahana mārō.
5. He aha te hiranga o te whānui o te kutikuti?
Nā te mea ko te whāngai aunoa, te whakaritenga o te mate, me ngā rahi o te wāhanga whakamutunga, e whakawhirinaki katoa ana ki te noho ōrite o te rīpene e haere mai ana mai i te koiri ki te koiri.
6. Āhea me tono ngā kaihoko i te 430, i te 201 rānei, kaua i te 304?
Ina he iti ake te utu mō te tono, ā, he iti iho ngā tono waikura, hangarau rānei i tā te 304 i hoahoa ai kia aro atu.
7. He aha ngā tuhinga me whakarato e te kaiwhakarato mō ngā kaupapa hikohiko?
I te iti rawa, me tono ngā kaihoko i tētahi tiwhikete whakamātautau mira, te whai i te wera, ngā taipitopito rahinga, me ngā mōhiohio mō te takai kia pai ai te tuku.
Wā tuku: Akuhata-05-2026
