Te takirua o te waro i roto i te maitai kore waikura

Ko te waro tētahi o ngā huānga matua o te maitai ahumahi. Ko te mahi me te hanganga o te maitai e tino whakatauhia ana e te nui me te tohatoha o te waro i roto i te maitai. He mea tino nui te pānga o te waro i roto i te maitai kore waikura. Ko te awe o te waro ki te hanganga o te maitai kore waikura e whakaatuhia ana i roto i ngā āhuatanga e rua. I tetahi taha, ko te waro he huānga e whakau ana i te austenite, ā, he nui te pānga (tata ki te 30 ngā wā i te nikara), i tetahi atu taha, nā te kaha o te waro me te chromium. He nui, me te chromium - he raupapa matatini o ngā carbides. Nō reira, i runga i te kaha me te ātete ki te waikura, he rerekē te tūranga o te waro i roto i te maitai kore waikura.

I runga i te mōhio ki te ture o tēnei awe, ka taea e tātou te whiriwhiri i ngā maitai kore waikura he rerekē te nui o te waro i runga i ngā whakaritenga whakamahinga rerekē.
Hei tauira, ko te ihirangi chromium paerewa o ngā momo maitai e rima o te 0Crl3~4Cr13, koinei te mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te umanga, ā, ko te mea iti rawa, kua whakatakotoria ki te 12~14%, arā, ka whakaarohia ngā āhuatanga e hanga ai te waro me te chromium i te chromium carbide. Ko te kaupapa matua, i muri i te whakakotahitanga o te waro me te chromium ki te chromium carbide, kaua te ihirangi chromium i roto i te otinga totoka e iti iho i te ihirangi chromium iti rawa o te 11.7%.

Mō ēnei momo maitai e rima, nā te rerekētanga o te nui o te waro, he rerekē anō hoki te kaha me te ātete ki te waikura. He pai ake te ātete ki te waikura o te maitai 0Cr13~2Crl3 engari he iti iho tōna kaha i te maitai 3Crl3 me te 4Cr13. Ko te nuinga o te wā ka whakamahia mō te hanga i ngā wāhanga hanganga.
Nā te nui o te waro, ka taea e ngā momo maitai e rua te whiwhi kaha teitei, ā, ko te nuinga o te wā ka whakamahia ki te hanga puna, maripi me ētahi atu wāhanga e hiahia ana kia kaha teitei me te ātete ki te kakahu. Hei tauira anō, hei whakakore i te waikura intergranular o te maitai kowiri tira chromium-nickel 18-8, ka taea te whakaiti i te ihirangi waro o te maitai ki raro iho i te 0.03%, ka taea rānei te tāpiri i tētahi huānga (titanium, niobium rānei) he kaha ake te hononga i te chromium me te waro hei ārai i te hanga carbide. Hei tauira, ko te chromium, ina ko te pakeke teitei me te ātete kakahu ngā whakaritenga matua, ka taea e tātou te whakanui ake i te ihirangi waro o te maitai me te whakanui ake i te ihirangi chromium kia tika, kia tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga o te pakeke me te ātete kakahu, me te whakaaro ki te ātete waikura, te whakamahinga ahumahi hei peera, taputapu ine me ngā mata me te maitai kowiri tira 9Cr18 me te 9Cr17MoVCo, ahakoa he teitei te ihirangi waro ki te 0.85 ~ 0.95%, nā te mea ka piki ake hoki te ihirangi chromium, nō reira ka oati tonu te ātete waikura. E hiahiatia ana.

I te nuinga o te wā, he iti noa te nui o te waro i roto i ngā maitai kore waikura e whakamahia ana i tēnei wā i roto i te umanga. Ko te nuinga o ngā maitai kore waikura he 0.1 ki te 0.4% te nui o te waro, ā, ko ngā maitai ātete-waikawa he 0.1 ki te 0.2% te nui o te waro. Ko ngā maitai kore waikura he nui ake te nui o te waro i te 0.4% he wāhanga iti noa iho o te katoa o ngā momo, nā te mea i raro i te nuinga o ngā tikanga whakamahinga, ko te ātete waikura tonu te kaupapa matua o ngā maitai kore waikura. Hei tāpiri, ko te iti o te nui o te waro nā ētahi whakaritenga tukanga, pērā i te ngāwari o te whakarewa me te whakarerekētanga matao.